Comparing the Persecution of the Jews in the Netherlands, France and Belgium, 1940-1945: Similarities, differences, causes
Zagłada Żydów. Studia i Materiały, No. 11 (2015), pages: 90-130
Publication date: 2015-12-01
Abstract
At the beginning of the occupation, France, Holland and Belgium found themselves in a similar situation. But when we look at the ratio of victims and survivors during the Holocaust in Western Europe, France and Holland are polar opposites: in France 25 percent of around 320,000 Jews did not survive the persecutions, whereas the ratio in Holland was 75 percent of 140,000. Belgium lies in the middle of the scale – 40 percent dead out of 66,000 Jews. In order to understand the source of these differences, the authors compare the methods applied by the occupation authorities and their anti-Jewish policies, the involvement and the size of the local police forces and German police, as well as the jurisdictional disputes between these formations.
Keywords
Belgium, France, Holland, deportations, Dutch police, Belgian police, German Security Police, comparative studies
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